Alexander Gromnitsky's Blog

The Size of Adobe Reader Installers Through The Years

Air Date: 2025-08-25
Latest update: 2025-08-26 04:33:40

At the time of writing, the most recent Adobe Reader 25.x.y.z 64-bit installer for Windows 11 weights 687,230,424 bytes. After installation, the program includes 'AI' (of course), an auto-updater, sprinkled ads for Acrobat online services everywhere, and 2 GUIs: 'new' and 'old'.

For comparison, the size of SumatraPDF-3.5.2 installer is 8,246,744 bytes. It has no 'AI', no auto-updater (though it can check for new versions, which I find unnecessary, for anyone sane would install it via scoop anyway), and no ads for 'cloud storage'.

The following chart shows how the Adobe Reader installer has grown in size over the years. When possible, 64-bit versions of installers were used.

Next Day Update:

Best comment on Hacker News: "Looks like a chart crime scene."

Alright, here's your linear graph, along with the source from which both graphs were generated. All point labels are version numbers.

Not a bug

Air Date: 2025-08-15
Latest update: 2025-08-25 11:39:06

Peter Weinberger (the "w" in awk), while working at Bell Labs, wrote an experimental implementation of a network file system. Included with Research Unix v8 (Feb 1985, licensed strictly for educational use), it allowed to share / (yes) with other machines running v8 by specifying a mapping between a local uid/gui and the desired view from the LAN.

Weinberger described peculiarities of his netfs as

"If A mounted B's file system somewhere, and B mounted A's, then the directory tree was infinite. That's mathematics, not a bug."

His /usr/src/netfs/TODO contained an existential question:

'why does it get out of synch?'

The connection of this netfs and Sun's NFS is murky.

Steve Johnson:

"I remember Bill Joy visiting Bell Labs and getting a very complete demo of RFS and being very impressed. Within a year, Sun announced NFS."

Unix System V SVR3, released by AT&T in 1987, included a different version of netfs, which they officially began calling RFS. Appearing 18 months after Sun announced NFS, it briefly attempted to compete, but failed on 2 fronts simultaneously: ⓐ big vendors (Dec, IBM, HP) disliked its licensing terms, and ⓑ the protocol's brittleness discouraged ports to non-Unix systems. NFS won, becoming widely used--even by NeXTSTEP.

Lyndon Nerenberg:

'We ran RFS on a "cluster" of four 3B2s [AT&T microcomputers], and while it worked, to varying degrees, the statefulness of the protocol inevitably led to the whole thing locking up, requiring a reboot of all four machines to recover.'

Batocera 35 and Vontar X3

Air Date: 2025-07-06
Latest update: 2025-07-07 16:32:04

In the dining room there is an old (2013) 1080p telly with an old (2020) Android TV box connected to it. The TV box contains an ancient Amlogic S905X3 SoC inside. It has just enough power to play Youtube & 1080p movies from a network drive but not much else.

Some time ago I heard about repurposing this particular model (Vontar X3) as a retro-gaming console, but anticipating battles similar to those with openwrt-on-outers--where 2 devices with the exact same name have slightly different hardware revisions (& as a result, nothing works as expected)--I've been putting off the adventure.

The easiest Linux gaming distro to deploy is a French one called Batocera.¹ Its wiki describes perfomance of a particular device in terms of console generation support:

(I've skipped the irrelevant generations.)

In my tests, while the modest S905X3 runs most psx & psp games acceptably, some titles have such a perceived frame drop (that do not occur on a desktop PC running the same emulator as Batocera) that it makes them unplayable. The prominent unsuccessful examples are CTR: Crash Team Racing (psx) and MotorStorm: Arctic Edge (psp).

The last Batocera version for the Vontar X3 is 35 (the OS images for this device haven't been updated since '22). I dd'ed batocera-s905gen3-tvbox-gen3-35-20220910.img onto a 32GB SD card, inserted the card into the TV box, pressed its reset button with a toothpick, plugged in the power cable, & saw this:

The TV's info popups indicated that the resolution of this shaky image was 1080i (interlaced?) instead of the expected 1080p. I then tried 2 completely different (albeit much newer) TVs, as well as a capture card--none of them had any problems negotiating a proper resolution with Batocera.

After pointlessly suffering with various kernel parameters, I ended up with the following kludge to disable the interlaced mode:

1. Connect the device to your LAN via the ethernet port. Batocera runs Avahi, hence we can just say

    $ ssh root@batocera.local
   

   (The password is 'linux'.)

2. Run

    # batocera-resolution listModes | head -10
    max-1920x1080:maximum 1920x1080
    max-640x480:maximum 640x480
    0.0.1920x1080.60:HDMIA 1920x1080 60Hz (1920x1080i)
    0.1.1920x1080.60:HDMIA 1920x1080 60Hz (1920x1080)
    0.2.1920x1080.60:HDMIA 1920x1080 60Hz (1920x1080)
    0.3.1920x1080.60:HDMIA 1920x1080 60Hz (1920x1080i)
    0.4.1920x1080.50:HDMIA 1920x1080 50Hz (1920x1080)
    0.5.1920x1080.50:HDMIA 1920x1080 50Hz (1920x1080i)
    0.6.1920x1080.24:HDMIA 1920x1080 24Hz (1920x1080)
    0.7.1920x1080.24:HDMIA 1920x1080 24Hz (1920x1080)
   

   inside Batocera. Take a note of a mode you'd like to see.

3. Turn the device off. Extract the SD card out of it & insert it into a PC. The card has 2 partition: the 1st one is fat32 that has batocera-boot.conf file. Add a line to it:

    es.resolution=0.1.1920x1080.60
   

The picture will still incessantly jerk from left to right, but only during the boot phase:

# batocera-info
Disk format: ext4
Temperature: 66°C
Architecture: tvbox-gen3
Model: Shenzhen Haochuangyi Technology Co., Ltd H96 Max
System: Linux 5.10.134
Available memory: 624/932 MB
Cpu model: ARMv8 Processor rev 0 (v8l)
Cpu number: 4
Cpu max frequency: 1908 MHz

There is little to add here. You copy your .nes/.sfc/.chd/.iso files to /userdata/roms/{nes,snes,psx,psp} either directly onto the 2nd partition of the SD card, or via ssh, or even smb, for Batocera runs Samba.

1. I couldn't find any guidance on how to pronouce it: there is a type of beetles called /bə'tosərə/, but some youtubers say it as /bαto'sɛrα/.

Sea-sickness

Air Date: 2025-05-19
Latest update: 2025-05-19 21:45:46

'[1852] In the regiment there was a Lieutenant Slaughter who was very liable to sea-sickness. It almost made him sick to see the wave of a table-cloth when the servants were spreading it.

'Soon after his graduation, Slaughter was ordered to California and took passage by a sailing vessel going around Cape Horn. The vessel was seven months making the voyage, and Slaughter was sick every moment of the time, never more so than while lying at anchor after reaching his place of destination.

'On landing in California he found orders which had come by the Isthmus, notifying him of a mistake in his assignment; he should have been ordered to the northern lakes. He started back by the Isthmus route and was sick all the way. But when he arrived at the East he was again ordered to California, this time definitely, and at this date was making his third trip. He was as sick as ever, and had been so for more than a month while lying at anchor in the bay.

'I remember him well, seated with his elbows on the table in front of him, his chin between his hands, and looking the picture of despair. At last he broke out, "I wish I had taken my father's advice; he wanted me to go into the navy; if I had done so, I should not have had to go to sea so much." Poor Slaughter! it was his last sea voyage. He was killed by Indians in Oregon.'

(From Personal Memoirs of U.S. Grant, Ch. XIV by Ulysses S. Grant.)